In agricultural production, most farmers prefer chemical control methods to avoid economic losses caused by pests, as these methods provide quick results. However, the intensive use of chemicals poses a serious threat to the environment and human health and also causes pests to develop resistance. To reduce these negative effects, studies on alternative control methods are increasingly being carried out. In recent years, methods have come to the fore that aim to keep pest populations below the economic damage threshold, protecting beneficial species and minimize the impact on the environment. One of these methods, biological control, is characterized by its environmentally friendly and sustainable structure. In this context, the book entitled “Modern Approaches to Biological Control” consists of 13 chapters. This book deals comprehensively with the topic of biological control and is enriched with current topics.